Vulnerabilities in Wincor Cineo ATMs owned by Diebold Nixdorf

Positive Technologies have discovered vulnerabilities in the Wincor Cineo ATMs with the RM3 and CMD-V5 dispensers. Wincor is currently owned by Diebold Nixdorf.
Diebold Nixdorf ATMs
With access to the dispenser controller’s USB port, an attacker can install an outdated or modified firmware version (for example, with disabled encryption) to bypass the encryption and make cash withdrawals.

Diebold Nixdorf has more than 1 million of its ATMs installed worldwide, making it one of the largest ATM manufacturers, with a 32 percent share of the global market.

Most previous generations of ATMs could not withstand black-box attacks. In such cases, a hacker connects to the dispenser via a computer or a mobile device and sends a special code, which results in the ATM dispensing money.

Positive Technologies in 2018 said 69 percent of ATMs turned out to be vulnerable to such attacks and could be hacked in minutes. Modern ATMs, including Wincor Cineo, have built-in protection against black-box attacks.

This protection is achieved by using end-to-end encryption between an ATM computer and the dispenser. The computer sends encrypted commands to the dispenser, and a hacker cannot withdraw money without encryption keys stored on the ATM computer.

“In the case of Wincor Cineo, we managed to figure out the command encryption used in the interaction between the PC and the controller, and bypass the protection against black-box attacks. At a popular website, we bought the same dispensing controller as the one used in Wincor’s ATMs. Bugs in the controller code and old encryption keys allowed us to connect to an ATM using our own computer (as in a classic black-box attack), bypass the encryption, and make a cash withdrawal,” Vladimir Kononovich, Senior Specialist of ICS Security at Positive Technologies, said.

Currently, the attack scenario consists of three steps: Connecting a computer to an ATM, loading outdated and vulnerable firmware, and exploiting the vulnerabilities to access the cassettes inside the safe.

Both vulnerabilities received a CVSSv3.0 score of 6.8. The first flaw, CVE-2018-9099, was detected in the firmware of the CMD-V5 dispenser (all versions up to and including 141128 1002 CD5_ATM.BTR and 170329 2332 CD5_ATM.FRM). The second, CVE-2018-9100, was detected in the firmware of the RM3/CRS dispenser (all versions up to and including 41128 1002 RM3_CRS.BTR and 170329 2332 RM3_CRS.FRM).

In 2018, Positive Technologies helped eliminate vulnerabilities in ATMs of another major manufacturer, NCR.

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